Ihe na-eme ka electrolytic dịhaịdọnNgalaba mmepụta gụnyere usoro zuru oke nke electrolysis mmirihaịdọnakụrụngwa mmepụta, yana akụrụngwa bụ isi gụnyere:
1. Mkpụrụ ndụ elektrọlitik
2. Ngwaọrụ nkewa mmiri gas
3. Sistemụ nkụ na nhicha
4. Akụkụ eletriki ahụ gụnyere: transformer, rectifier kabinet, PLC control kabinet, ngwa egwu, kabinet nkesa, kọmputa elu, wdg.
5. Sistemụ enyemaka ahụ gụnyere: tankị ngwọta alkali, tankị mmiri eji arụ ọrụ, ọkpọ mmiri eji eme ihe, silinda nitrogen/bọsbọọdụ, wdg. 6. Sistemụ enyemaka zuru oke nke akụrụngwa ahụ gụnyere: igwe mmiri dị ọcha, ụlọ elu chiller, chiller, compressor ikuku, wdg.
ihe mkpuchi hydrogen na oxygen, a na-anakọtakwa mmiri ahụ site na ọnyà ntapu tupu e ziga ya n'okpuru njikwa nke sistemụ njikwa;haịdọnna ihe nzacha alkali oxygen, hydrogen na oxygen alkali oyi n'otu n'otu n'okpuru ọrụ nke mgbapụta mgbasa, wee laghachi na sel electrolytic maka electrolysis ọzọ.
A na-achịkwa nrụgide nke sistemụ ahụ site na sistemụ njikwa nrụgide na sistemụ njikwa nrụgide dị iche iche iji mezuo ihe achọrọ nke usoro na nchekwa dị n'okpuru ala.
Haịdọn nke electrolysis mmiri na-emepụta nwere uru nke ịdị ọcha dị elu na obere ihe ndị na-adịghị ọcha. Ọtụtụ mgbe, ihe ndị na-adịghị ọcha dị na gas hydrogen nke electrolysis mmiri na-emepụta bụ naanị oxygen na mmiri, na-enweghị ihe ndị ọzọ (nke nwere ike izere nsị nke ụfọdụ ihe na-akpali akpali). Nke a na-enye ohere maka imepụta gas hydrogen dị ọcha, gas a sachapụrụ ehicha nwekwara ike iru ụkpụrụ nke gas ụlọ ọrụ eletrọnịkị.
Haịdọn nke ngalaba mmepụta hydrogen na-emepụta na-agafe na tankị nchekwa iji mee ka nrụgide ọrụ nke sistemụ ahụ kwụsie ike ma wepụkwa mmiri efu na haịdọn.
Mgbe ọ banyechara na ngwaọrụ nhicha hydrogen, a na-eme ka hydrogen nke mmiri na-emepụta site na electrolysis dị ọcha, na-eji ụkpụrụ nke mmeghachi omume catalytic na mmịpụta sieve molecular iji wepụ oxygen, mmiri, na ihe ndị ọzọ na-adịghị ọcha na hydrogen.
Ngwaọrụ ndị a nwere ike ịtọlite sistemụ nhazi mmepụta hydrogen akpaka dịka ọnọdụ dị adị si dị. Mgbanwe na ibu gas ga-akpata mgbanwe na nrụgide nke tankị nchekwa hydrogen. Ihe na-ebufe nrụgide arụnyere na tankị nchekwa ga-ewepụta mgbaàmà 4-20mA na PLC maka iji tụnyere uru mbụ e setịpụrụ, mgbe mgbanwe na ngụkọta PID gasịrị, wepụta mgbaàmà 20-4mA na kabinet rectifier iji gbanwee nha nke ugbu a electrolysis, si otú a mezuo ebumnuche nke mgbanwe akpaka nke mmepụta hydrogen dịka mgbanwe na ibu hydrogen si dị.
Nanị ihe na-eme n'usoro mmepụta hydrogen site na electrolysis mmiri bụ mmiri (H2O), nke a ga-enye mmiri nkịtị mgbe niile site na ọkpọkọ mmiri. Ọnọdụ mmịpụta ahụ dị na ihe nkesa hydrogen ma ọ bụ oxygen. Na mgbakwunye, hydrogen na oxygen kwesịrị iwepụ obere mmiri mgbe ha na-apụ na sistemụ ahụ. Ngwaọrụ ndị na-eri obere mmiri nwere ike iri 1L/Nm ³ H2, ebe akụrụngwa buru ibu nwere ike ibelata ya ruo 0.9L/Nm ³ H2. Sistemụ ahụ na-emeju mmiri nkịtị mgbe niile, nke nwere ike ịnọgide na-enwe ọkwa mmiri alkaline na ntinye. Ọ nwekwara ike imeju mmiri mmeghachi omume n'oge iji nọgide na-enwe ntinye nke ngwọta alkaline.
- Sistemụ nhazi mgbanwe transformer
Sistemụ a nwere ngwaọrụ abụọ, transformer na kabinet rectifier. Ọrụ ya bụ ịtụgharị ike AC 10/35KV nke onye nwe ihu na-enye ka ọ bụrụ ike DC nke sel electrolytic chọrọ, ma nye ike DC na sel electrolytic. A na-eji akụkụ nke ike enyere eme ihe iji gbazee molekul mmiri ozugbo ka ọ bụrụ hydrogen na oxygen, akụkụ nke ọzọ na-emepụta okpomọkụ, nke ihe oyi na-eme site na alkali na-arụ site na mmiri oyi.
Ọtụtụ n'ime transformers bụ ụdị mmanụ. Ọ bụrụ na etinye ha n'ime ụlọ ma ọ bụ n'ime akpa, enwere ike iji transformers ụdị akọrọ. Transformers eji eme ihe maka akụrụngwa mmepụta hydrogen mmiri electrolytic bụ transformers pụrụ iche nke kwesịrị ka a dakọọ ha dịka data nke sel electrolytic ọ bụla si dị, yabụ ha bụ ngwaọrụ ahaziri ahazi.
Ugbu a, kabinet rectifier kachasị eji bụ ụdị thyristor, nke ndị na-emepụta akụrụngwa na-akwado n'ihi ogologo oge ojiji ya, nkwụsi ike dị elu, na ọnụ ahịa dị ala. Agbanyeghị, n'ihi mkpa ọ dị ịgbanwe akụrụngwa buru ibu ka ọ bụrụ ike mmeghari ohuru n'ihu, arụmọrụ mgbanwe nke kabinet rectifier thyristor dị obere. Ugbu a, ọtụtụ ndị na-emepụta kabinet rectifier na-agba mbọ ịnakwere kabinet rectifier IGBT ọhụrụ. IGBT abụrụla ihe a na-ahụkarị na ụlọ ọrụ ndị ọzọ dịka ike ikuku, a kwenyere na kabinet rectifier IGBT ga-enwe mmepe dị ukwuu n'ọdịnihu.
- Sistemụ kabinet nkesa
A na-ejikarị kabinet nkesa enye ike nye ihe dị iche iche nwere moto na sistemụ nkewa na nhicha hydrogen oxygen n'azụ akụrụngwa mmepụta hydrogen mmiri electrolytic, gụnyere 400V ma ọ bụ nke a na-akpọkarị akụrụngwa 380V. Ngwa ndị a gụnyere ọkpọkọ mgbasa alkali na usoro nkewa hydrogen oxygen na ọkpọkọ mmiri etemeete na sistemụ enyemaka; Ọkụ maka waya kpo oku na sistemụ nkụ na nhicha, yana sistemụ enyemaka achọrọ maka sistemụ ahụ dum dịka igwe mmiri dị ọcha, igwe oyi, ọkpọkọ ikuku, ụlọ elu oyi, na ọkpọkọ hydrogen azụ, igwe hydrogenation, wdg, gụnyekwara ọkụ maka ọkụ, nlekota, na sistemụ ndị ọzọ nke ọdụ ahụ dum.
- Conye ontrọsistemụ l
Sistemụ njikwa ahụ na-eji njikwa akpaka PLC eme ihe. PLC na-ejikarị Siemens 1200 ma ọ bụ 1500, ma nwee ihuenyo mmetụ aka nke mmekọrịta mmadụ na igwe. A na-ahụ ngosipụta ọrụ na paramita nke sistemụ ọ bụla nke akụrụngwa yana ngosipụta nke usoro njikwa na ihuenyo mmetụ aka.
5. Sistemụ mgbasa ozi nke ngwọta Alkali
Sistemụ a gụnyere akụrụngwa isi ndị a:
Ihe nkewa ikuku hydrogen oxygen - mgbapụta mmiri mmiri alkaline - Valvụ - nzacha mmiri alkaline - sel elektrọlitik
Isi usoro a bụ dịka ndị a: ihe ngwọta alkaline agwakọtara ya na hydrogen na oxygen dị na ihe nkesa hydrogen oxygen kewapụrụ site na ihe nkesa gas-liquid wee tụgharịa ya na ọkpọkọ mgbasa ozi alkaline solution. A na-ejikọ ihe nkesa hydrogen na ihe nkesa oxygen ebe a, ihe mgbapụta mgbasa ozi alkaline na-ekesakwa ihe ngwọta alkaline refluxed na valvụ na ihe nzacha ngwọta alkaline na njedebe azụ. Mgbe nzacha ahụ sachara ihe ndị na-adịghị ọcha buru ibu, a na-ekesa ihe ngwọta alkaline ahụ n'ime sel electrolytic.
6. Sistemụ hydrogen
A na-emepụta gas hydrogen site n'akụkụ elektrọd katode wee rute na nkewa yana sistemụ mgbasa ozi alkaline. N'ime ihe nkewa ahụ, gas hydrogen dị obere ma kewapụrụ onwe ya na ngwọta alkaline, na-erute n'elu nke ihe nkewa ahụ. Mgbe ahụ, ọ na-agafe na pipelines maka nkewa ọzọ, mmiri jụrụ oyi, wee chịkọta ya site na ihe njide mmiri iji nweta ịdị ọcha nke ihe dị ka 99% tupu ọ ruo na sistemụ nkụcha na nhicha azụ.
Ịchụpụ: A na-ejikarị mwepụ gas hydrogen eme ihe n'oge mmalite na oge mmechi, ọrụ ndị na-adịghị mma, ma ọ bụ mgbe ịdị ọcha erughị ụkpụrụ, yana maka nsogbu.
7. Sistemụ oxygen
Ụzọ oxygen si aga yiri nke hydrogen, ewezuga na a na-eme ya na ihe dị iche iche.
Ịwụfu ihe: Ugbu a, ọtụtụ ọrụ na-eji usoro nke iwepụ ikuku oxygen.
Ojiji: Uru ojiji nke oxygen bara uru naanị na ọrụ pụrụ iche, dịka ngwa ndị nwere ike iji ma hydrogen ma oxygen dị ọcha nke ukwuu, dịka ndị na-emepụta eriri optic. E nwekwara ụfọdụ nnukwu ọrụ ndị echekwara oghere maka ojiji oxygen. Ọnọdụ ojiji azụ bụ maka mmepụta oxygen mmiri mmiri mgbe akpọchara ma sachaa, ma ọ bụ maka oxygen ahụike site na sistemụ mgbasa. Agbanyeghị, izi ezi nke ọnọdụ ojiji ndị a ka chọrọ nkwenye ọzọ.
8. Sistemụ mmiri oyi
Usoro electrolysis nke mmiri bụ mmeghachi omume endothermic, a ga-enyekwa usoro mmepụta hydrogen ike eletrik. Agbanyeghị, ike eletrik e ji eme ihe na usoro electrolysis mmiri karịrị nnabata okpomọkụ nke mmeghachi omume electrolysis mmiri. N'ikwu ya n'ụzọ ọzọ, a na-agbanwe akụkụ nke ọkụ eletrik eji na sel electrolysis ka ọ bụrụ okpomọkụ, nke a na-ejikarị eme ihe iji kpoo sistemụ mgbasa ozi alkaline na mbido, na-ebuli okpomọkụ nke ngwọta alkaline gaa na oke okpomọkụ achọrọ nke 90 ± 5 ℃ maka akụrụngwa ahụ. Ọ bụrụ na sel electrolysis ahụ na-aga n'ihu na-arụ ọrụ mgbe ọ ruru okpomọkụ a tụrụ aro, a ga-eme okpomọkụ emepụtara site na mmiri oyi iji nọgide na-enwe okpomọkụ nkịtị nke mpaghara mmeghachi omume electrolysis. Okpomọkụ dị elu na mpaghara mmeghachi omume electrolysis nwere ike ibelata oriri ike, mana ọ bụrụ na okpomọkụ dị oke elu, diaphragm nke ụlọ electrolysis ga-emebi, nke ga-emebikwa ọrụ ogologo oge nke akụrụngwa ahụ.
Okpomọkụ kachasị mma maka ngwaọrụ a dị mkpa ka a ghara ịfe 95 ℃. Na mgbakwunye, a ga-ajụkwa ma wepụ mmiri n'ime hydrogen na oxygen e mepụtara, a ga-ejikwa ngwa thyristor rectifier nke mmiri jụrụ oyi nweekwa ọkpọkọ oyi dị mkpa.
Ahụ ọkpọkọ nke akụrụngwa buru ibu chọkwara isonye na mmiri oyi.
- Sistemụ nhicha nitrogen na sistemụ nhicha nitrogen
Tupu e degharịa ma rụọ ọrụ ngwaọrụ ahụ, a ga-eme nnwale njikọta nitrogen na sistemụ ahụ. Tupu mmalite nkịtị, ọ dịkwa mkpa ka e jiri nitrogen sachapụ usoro gas nke sistemụ ahụ iji hụ na gas dị n'ime oghere gas n'akụkụ abụọ nke hydrogen na oxygen dị anya site na mpaghara ọkụ na mgbawa.
Mgbe emechara ngwa ahụ, sistemụ njikwa ahụ ga-ejigide nrụgide na akpaghị aka ma jidekwa ụfọdụ hydrogen na oxygen n'ime sistemụ ahụ. Ọ bụrụ na nrụgide ahụ ka dị n'oge mmalite, ọ dịghị mkpa ime ihe nhicha. Agbanyeghị, ọ bụrụ na nrụgide ahụ ebelata kpamkpam, a ga-eme ihe nhicha nitrogen ọzọ.
- Sistemụ nkụcha hydrogen (nhicha) (nhọrọ)
A na-eji igwe nkụcha ihe na-akpọnwụ gas hydrogen nke e ji mmiri mee ka ọ dị mmiri mmiri, ma mechaa jiri ihe nzacha tube nickel sintered sachaa ya iji nweta gas hydrogen akọrọ. Dịka ihe onye ọrụ chọrọ maka hydrogen ngwaahịa si dị, sistemụ ahụ nwere ike ịgbakwunye ngwaọrụ nhicha, nke na-eji palladium platinum bimetallic catalytic deoxygenation maka ịsacha.
A na-eziga hydrogen nke e ji electrolysis mmiri mepụta na ngalaba nhicha hydrogen site na tankị nchekwa.
Gas hydrogen na-ebu ụzọ gafere site na ụlọ elu deoxygenation, n'okpuru ọrụ nke ihe na-akpali akpali, oxygen dị na gas hydrogen na-emeghachi omume na gas hydrogen iji mepụta mmiri.
Usoro mmeghachi omume: 2H2+O2 2H2O.
Mgbe ahụ, gas hydrogen na-agafe site na ihe na-akpọ hydrogen condenser (nke na-eme ka gas ahụ dị jụụ iji mee ka uzuoku mmiri ghọọ mmiri, nke a na-ewepụta na akpaghị aka n'èzí sistemụ ahụ site na onye na-anakọta ihe) wee banye n'ụlọ elu nke na-amịkọrọ mmiri.
Oge ozi: Disemba-03-2024
