Site na nchụso zuru ụwa ọnụ nke ike dị ọcha na mmepe na-adịgide adịgide, ike hydrogen, dị ka onye na-ebu ume na-arụ ọrụ nke ọma na nke dị ọcha, na-eji nwayọọ nwayọọ na-abanye n'ọhụụ ndị mmadụ. Dị ka isi njikọ na hydrogen ike ụlọ ọrụ yinye, hydrogen ọcha technology ọ bụghị nanị na-eche banyere nchekwa na ntụkwasị obi nke hydrogen ike, ma na-emetụta kpọmkwem ngwa akporo na uru akụ na ụba nke hydrogen ike.
1.Requirements maka ngwaahịa hydrogen
Hydrogen, dị ka ngwa ngwa kemịkalụ na onye na-ebu ume, nwere ihe dị iche iche chọrọ maka ịdị ọcha na ọdịnaya adịghị ọcha na ọnọdụ ngwa dị iche iche. Na mmepụta nke amonia sịntetik, methanol na ngwaahịa kemịkalụ ndị ọzọ, iji gbochie nsị na-akpata ma hụ na àgwà ngwaahịa, sulfides na ihe ndị ọzọ na-egbu egbu na nri gas ga-ewepụ tupu oge eruo iji belata adịghị ọcha ọdịnaya iji mezuo ihe a chọrọ. N'ime ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe dị ka metallurgy, ceramics, glass, na semiconductor, hydrogen gas na-abata kpọmkwem na ngwaahịa, ihe ndị a chọrọ maka ịdị ọcha na ọdịnaya adịghị ọcha bụ ihe siri ike karị. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, na ụlọ ọrụ semiconductor, a na-eji hydrogen maka usoro dị ka nkwadebe kristal na mkpụrụ, oxidation, annealing, wdg, nke nwere oke oke na adịghị ọcha dị ka oxygen, mmiri, hydrocarbons dị arọ, hydrogen sulfide, wdg na hydrogen.
2.Ụkpụrụ ọrụ nke deoxygenation
N'okpuru ọrụ nke onye na-emepụta ihe, obere ikuku oxygen dị na hydrogen nwere ike imeghachi omume na hydrogen iji mepụta mmiri, na-enweta nzube nke deoxygenation. Mmeghachi omume ahụ bụ mmeghachi omume exothermic, na nha mmeghachi omume bụ nke a:
2H ₂+O ₂ (ihe na-akpata) -2H ₂ O+Q
N'ihi na ihe mejupụtara ya, kemịkalụ kemịkalụ, na àgwà nke onye na-emepụta ihe n'onwe ya adịghị agbanwe tupu na mgbe mmeghachi omume ahụ gasịrị, a pụrụ iji ihe na-emepụta ihe na-aga n'ihu na-enweghị mmeghari.
Ihe deoxidizer nwere nhazi nke ime na mpụta, nke nwere ihe na-eme ka ọ dị n'etiti cylinders mpụta na nke dị n'ime. A na-etinye ihe ọkụ ọkụ eletrik na-agbawa agbawa n'ime cylinder dị n'ime, na ihe mmetụta okpomọkụ abụọ dị n'elu na ala nke nkwakọ ngwaahịa iji chọpụta na ịchịkwa okpomọkụ mmeghachi omume. A na-eji mkpuchi mkpuchi kpuchie cylinder dị n'èzí iji gbochie ikpo ọkụ ma zere ọkụ. Hydrogen raw na-abanye n'ime cylinder nke dị n'ime site na ntinye elu nke deoxidizer, na-ekpo ọkụ site na ọkụ ọkụ eletrik, ma na-esi n'àkwà na-eme ka ọ na-agafe site na ala ruo n'elu. Oxygen dị n'ime hydrogen raw na-emeghachi omume na hydrogen n'okpuru ọrụ nke ihe na-eme ka ọ na-emepụta mmiri. Ọdịnaya oxygen dị na hydrogen na-esi na mpụta dị ala nwere ike ibelata ruo n'okpuru 1ppm. Mmiri a na-emepụta site na nchikota na-esi na deoxidizer pụta n'ụdị gaseous na hydrogen gas, condenses na hydrogen oyi akwa na-esote, nzacha na ikuku-mmiri separator, na-wepụ na si usoro.
3.Ọrụ ụkpụrụ nke nkụ
Ikpocha gas hydrogen na-anabata usoro mgbasa ozi, na-eji sieves molekụla dị ka adsorbents. Mgbe ihicha, ebe igirigi nke hydrogen gas nwere ike iru n'okpuru -70 ℃. Sive molecular bụ ụdị ngwakọta aluminosilicate nke nwere eriri cubic, nke na-etolite ọtụtụ oghere nke otu nha n'ime mgbe mmiri gwụchara ma nwee nnukwu ebe elu. A na-akpọ sieves molecular sieves n'ihi na ha nwere ike ikewapụta ụmụ irighiri ihe nwere ọdịdị dị iche iche, dayameta, polarities, isi ihe na-esi ísì, na ọkwa saturation.
Mmiri bụ molekul polar nke ukwuu, sieves molecular nwere njikọ siri ike maka mmiri. Mgbasa ozi nke sieves molecular bụ mgbasa ozi anụ ahụ, mgbe mgbasa ozi ahụ juputara, ọ na-ewe oge iji kpoo ọkụ na ịmaliteghachi tupu ya enwee ike ịgbanye ya ọzọ. Ya mere, ọ dịkarịa ala abụọ dryers na-gụnyere na a ọcha ngwaọrụ, na otu na-arụ ọrụ mgbe ndị ọzọ regenerates, iji hụ na-aga n'ihu mmepụta nke igirigi ebe kwụsiri ike hydrogen gas.
Igwe nkụ ahụ nwere usoro cylinder dị n'ime na nke mpụta, nke a na-ebunye adsorbent n'etiti cylinders mpụta na nke dị n'ime. A na-etinye ihe ọkụ ọkụ eletrik na-agbawa agbawa n'ime cylinder dị n'ime, na ihe mmetụta okpomọkụ abụọ dị n'elu na ala nke nchịkọta sieve molecular iji chọpụta na ịchịkwa okpomọkụ mmeghachi omume. A na-eji mkpuchi mkpuchi kpuchie cylinder dị n'èzí iji gbochie ikpo ọkụ ma zere ọkụ. A na-atụgharị ikuku ikuku na steeti adsorption (gụnyere steeti ndị isi na nke abụọ) na steeti mmụgharị. Na steeti adsorption, ọkpọkọ njedebe dị elu bụ ikuku gas na ọkpọkọ njedebe dị ala bụ ntinye gas. Na steeti mmeghari, ọkpọkọ elu nke elu bụ ntinye gas na ọkpọkọ nke ala bụ ikuku gas. Enwere ike kewaa usoro ihicha n'ime ụlọ elu abụọ na igwe nkụ atọ dị ka ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ihicha.
4.Two usoro ụlọ elu
A na-etinye igwe nkụ abụọ na ngwaọrụ ahụ, nke na-agbanwe ma na-emegharị n'ime otu okirikiri (awa 48) iji nweta ọrụ na-aga n'ihu nke ngwaọrụ ahụ dum. Mgbe ihicha, ebe igirigi nke hydrogen nwere ike iru n'okpuru -60 ℃. N'oge usoro ọrụ (awa 48), ndị na-ehicha ọkụ A na B na-arụ ọrụ na nhazigharị steeti, n'otu n'otu.
N'otu okirikiri mgbanwe, igwe nkụ na-enweta steeti abụọ: steeti arụ ọrụ na steeti mmụgharị.
· Ọnọdụ nrụpụta: Igwe gas na-arụ ọrụ bụ oke gas zuru oke. Steeti mmeghari na-agụnye ikpo ọkụ na ikpo ọkụ ogbo;
1) Okpokoro ikpo ọkụ - onye na-ekpo ọkụ n'ime onye na-ekpo ọkụ na-arụ ọrụ, na-akwụsị na-akpaghị aka mgbe okpomọkụ dị elu na-erute uru setịpụrụ ma ọ bụ oge ọkụ na-erute uru setịpụrụ;
2) Ogbo oyi - Mgbe onye na-ehicha ọkụ kwụsịrị ikpo ọkụ, ikuku na-aga n'ihu na-aga site na draya na ụzọ mbụ iji mee ka ọ dị jụụ ruo mgbe onye na-ehicha ọkụ na-agbanye na ọnọdụ ọrụ.
· Ọnọdụ ọrụ: Igwe ikuku nhazi na-arụ ọrụ zuru oke, na ikpo ọkụ n'ime igwe anaghị arụ ọrụ.
5.Three tower workflow
Ugbu a, a na-eji usoro ụlọ elu atọ eme ihe n'ọtụtụ ebe. A na-etinye ihe nkedo atọ na ngwaọrụ ahụ, nke nwere desiccants (sieves molecular) nwere nnukwu ikike mgbasa ozi na ezigbo okpomọkụ na-eguzogide. Igwe nkụ atọ na-agbanwe n'etiti arụ ọrụ, nrụpụta ọhụrụ na mgbasa ozi iji nweta ọrụ na-aga n'ihu nke ngwaọrụ ahụ niile. Mgbe ihicha, ebe igirigi nke hydrogen gas nwere ike iru n'okpuru -70 ℃.
N'oge okirikiri mgbanwe, igwe nkụ na-aga na steeti atọ: arụ ọrụ, mgbasa ozi, na mmeghari ohuru. Maka steeti ọ bụla, igwe nkụ nke mbụ hydrogen gas na-abanye mgbe deoxygenation, jụrụ oyi na nzacha mmiri dị:
1) Ọnọdụ na-arụ ọrụ: Igwe gas na-arụ ọrụ na-arụ ọrụ zuru oke, onye na-ekpo ọkụ n'ime igwe anaghị arụ ọrụ, na ihe na-edozi ahụ bụ raw hydrogen gas nke na-adịghị agwụ agwụ;
Igwe nkụ nke abụọ na-abanye dị na:
2) Ọnọdụ mmeghari: 20% gas olu: Mmụgharị steeti na-agụnye ikpo ọkụ na ikpo ọkụ ogbo;
Okpokoro ikpo ọkụ - onye na-ekpo ọkụ n'ime onye na-ekpo ọkụ na-arụ ọrụ, ma na-akwụsị na-akpaghị aka mgbe okpomọkụ dị elu na-erute uru setịpụrụ ma ọ bụ oge ọkụ na-erute uru setịpụrụ;
Ogbo oyi - Mgbe onye na-ehicha ọkụ kwụsịrị ikpo ọkụ, ikuku na-aga n'ihu na-agafe site na draya na ụzọ mbụ iji mee ka ọ dị jụụ ruo mgbe onye na-ehicha ọkụ na-agbanye na ọnọdụ ọrụ; Mgbe onye na-ehicha ihe na-eme ka ọ dị ọhụrụ, a na-eme ka mmiri na-ekpo ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ hydrogen gas;
Igwe nkụ nke atọ na-abanye dị na:
3) Adsorption steeti: Igwe gas na-arụ ọrụ bụ 20%, onye na-ekpo ọkụ na igwe nkụ anaghị arụ ọrụ, na ọkara bụ hydrogen gas maka ịmaliteghachi.
Oge nzipu: Dec-19-2024
