1. Gịnị bụ PCB Electroplating?
PCB electroplating na-ezo aka n'usoro nke itinye akwa ígwè n'elu PCB iji nweta njikọ eletriki, nnyefe mgbaàmà, mwepụ okpomọkụ, na ọrụ ndị ọzọ. DC electroplating ọdịnala na-enwe nsogbu dịka ịdị mma mkpuchi na-adịghị mma, omimi mkpuchi ezughi oke, na mmetụta ihu, na-eme ka ọ sie ike izute ihe achọrọ maka nrụpụta nke PCB dị elu dị ka bọọdụ High-Density Interconnect (HDI) na Mgbanwe Ebipụtara Circuits (FPC). Ike mgbanwe ugboro ugboro na-agbanwe ike AC isi gaa na AC ugboro ugboro, nke a na-emezi ma na-enyocha iji mepụta DC ma ọ bụ pulsed current kwụsiri ike. Ugboro ọrụ ha nwere ike iru iri ma ọ bụ ọbụna narị kilohertz, nke karịrị ugboro ike (50/60Hz) nke ike DC ọdịnala. Njirimara ugboro ugboro a na-eweta ọtụtụ uru na PCB electroplating.
2.Uru nke Oke-Ugboro Mgbanwe Ike na PCB Electroplating
Mkpuchi Ka Mma: "Mmetụta akpụkpọ ahụ" nke ọkụ eletrik dị elu na-eme ka ọkụ eletrik ahụ lekwasị anya n'elu ihe nduzi ahụ, na-eme ka mkpuchi ahụ dịkwuo mma ma na-ebelata mmetụta nsọtụ. Nke a bara uru karịsịa maka ịcha ihe owuwu dị mgbagwoju anya dịka ahịrị dị mma na obere oghere.
Ike Mkpuchi Miri Enyere Aka: Oke mmiri ọkụ nwere ike ịbanye n'ime mgbidi oghere nke ọma, na-eme ka ọkpụrụkpụ na nha nha nke mkpuchi dị n'ime oghere dịkwuo elu, nke na-emezu ihe achọrọ maka mkpuchi maka oke akụkụ dị elu.
Mmụba arụmọrụ Electroplating: Njirimara nzaghachi ngwa ngwa nke ike mgbanwe ugboro ugboro dị elu na-eme ka njikwa ugbu a ka mma, na-ebelata oge itinye ihe mkpuchi ma na-eme ka arụmọrụ mmepụta dịkwuo mma.
Mbelata Oriri Ike: Ngwa ọkụ eletrik na-agbanwe ugboro ugboro nwere arụmọrụ mgbanwe dị elu yana obere oriri ike, nke kwekọrọ na usoro mmepụta akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ.
Ike Mkpuchi Pulse: Ike mgbanwe ugboro ugboro nwere ike ịpụta ọkụ eletrik ngwa ngwa, na-eme ka ọkụ eletrik rụọ ọrụ nke ọma. Mkpuchi Pulse na-eme ka mma mkpuchi dịkwuo mma, na-eme ka njupụta mkpuchi dịkwuo elu, na-ebelata porosity, ma na-ebelata ojiji nke ihe mgbakwunye.
3. Ihe atụ nke Ngwa Ike Mgbanwe Ugboro Elu na PCB Electroplating
A. Mkpuchi ọla kọpa: A na-eji ihe mkpuchi ọla kọpa eme ihe n'ime PCB iji mepụta oyi akwa na-eduzi sekit ahụ. Ihe ndị na-agbanwe agbanwe ugboro ugboro na-enye njupụta ọkụ eletrik kpọmkwem, na-ahụ na edobere oyi akwa ọla kọpa otu ma na-eme ka mma na arụmọrụ nke oyi akwa a kpuchiri ekpuchi ka mma.
B. Ọgwụgwọ Elu: Ọgwụgwọ elu nke PCBs, dị ka mkpuchi ọlaedo ma ọ bụ ọlaọcha, chọkwara ike DC kwụsiri ike. Ihe ndị na-agbanwe agbanwe ugboro ugboro nwere ike inye ọkụ na voltaji ziri ezi maka ọla dị iche iche a na-etinye n'ime ihe mkpuchi ahụ, na-eme ka mkpuchi ahụ dị nro ma sie ike iguzogide nchara.
C. Nkwadebe Kemịkal: A na-eme mkpuchi kemịkalụ na-enweghị ọkụ eletrik, mana usoro ahụ nwere ihe achọrọ siri ike maka okpomọkụ na njupụta ọkụ eletrik. Nkwadebe mgbanwe ugboro ugboro dị elu nwere ike inye ike enyemaka maka usoro a, na-enyere aka ijikwa ọnụego mkpuchi.
4. Otu esi ekpebi nkọwapụta nke PCB Electroplating Power Supply
Nkọwapụta nke ike DC achọrọ maka PCB electroplating dabere na ọtụtụ ihe, gụnyere ụdị usoro electroplating, nha PCB, mpaghara plating, ihe achọrọ maka njupụta ugbu a, na arụmọrụ mmepụta. N'okpuru bụ ụfọdụ paramita dị mkpa na nkọwapụta ike nkịtị:
A. Nkọwapụta Ugbu a
●Njupụta Ugbu a: Njupụta ugbu a maka ọkụ eletrik PCB na-adịkarị site na 1-10 A/dm² (ampere kwa decimita square), dabere na usoro ọkụ eletrik (dịka ọmụmaatụ, mkpuchi ọla kọpa, mkpuchi ọlaedo, mkpuchi nickel) na ihe achọrọ maka mkpuchi.
●Ngụkọta Ihe achọrọ maka ugbu a: A na-agbakọ mkpokọta ihe achọrọ maka ugbu a dabere na mpaghara PCB na njupụta ugbu a. Dịka ọmụmaatụ:
⬛Ọ bụrụ na mpaghara mkpuchi PCB bụ 10 dm² na njupụta ugbu a bụ 2 A/dm², mkpokọta ihe achọrọ ugbu a ga-abụ 20 A.
Maka nnukwu PCB ma ọ bụ mmepụta oke, a ga-achọ ọtụtụ narị amperes ma ọ bụ ọbụna ihe ndị ọzọ dị elu karịa.
Oke Ugbua A Na-ahụkarị:
●Ojiji obere PCB ma ọ bụ ụlọ nyocha: 10-50 A
●Mmepụta PCB dị n'etiti: 50-200 A
●Mmepụta PCB buru ibu ma ọ bụ nke buru ibu: 200-1000 A ma ọ bụ karịa
Nkọwapụta voltaji B.
Ngwa eletriki PCB na-achọkarị obere voltaji, nke na-adịkarị n'etiti 5-24 V.
Ihe achọrọ maka voltaji dabere na ihe ndị dị ka iguzogide nke bat plating, anya dị n'etiti elektrọd, na conductivity nke electrolyte.
Maka usoro pụrụ iche (dịka ọmụmaatụ, ntinye aka na pulse), oke voltaji dị elu (dịka 30-50 V) nwere ike ịdị mkpa.
Oke voltaji nkịtị:
●Nhazi eletriki DC ọkọlọtọ: 6-12 V
●Mkpuchi mkpụrụ obi ma ọ bụ usoro pụrụ iche: 12-24 V ma ọ bụ karịa
Ụdị Ike Ike
●Inye Ike DC: A na-eji ya eme ihe maka nhazi eletriki DC ọdịnala, na-enye ọkụ eletrik na voltaji kwụsiri ike.
●Ọkụ Ike Pulse: A na-eji ya eme ihe maka ikpo ọkụ eletrik, nke nwere ike ịpụta ọkụ eletrik ugboro ugboro iji melite mma mkpuchi.
●Ọkụ Ike Mgbanwe Oke Ugboro: Ọkwa dị elu na nzaghachi ngwa ngwa, dabara adaba maka ihe achọrọ maka electroplating dị elu.
C. Ike ọkọnọ Ike
A na-eji ike ọkọnọ ike (P) ekpebi ike ọkọnọ ike (I) na voltaji (V), site na usoro a: P = I × V.
Dịka ọmụmaatụ, ọkụ eletrik nke na-emepụta 100 A na 12 V ga-enwe ike nke 1200 W (1.2 kW).
Oke Ike A Na-ahụkarị:
●Ngwa obere: 500 W - 2 kW
●Ngwaọrụ dị n'etiti: 2 kW - 10 kW
●Ngwaọrụ buru ibu: 10 kW - 50 kW ma ọ bụ karịa
Oge ozi: Febụwarị-13-2025
